论文：幼儿体育活动中应注意哪些安全

　　好动是孩子的天性,户外体育运动是孩子最喜欢的活动,教师应以各种形式组织多种多样的户外体育活动,以增强幼儿体质,促进其身心健康发展。但在户外体育活动中,又存在很多的不安全因素,《幼儿园教育指导纲要》中就指出:"教师应该把保护幼儿的生命和促进幼儿的健康放在工作的首要位置",那么,教师在组织户外体育活动时,怎样排减运动中隐藏的不安全因素?要从哪些方面引起注意呢?通过对教师们组织的体育活动的观察及自己多年的教学经验,我认为应从以下几个方面考虑:

　　Is the child of nature, is children's favorite outdoor sports activities, teachers should be organized in various forms a variety of outdoor sports activities, to improve preschool physical fitness, promote the development of their physical and mental health. But in outdoor sports activities, and there are many unsafe factors, "the kindergarten education guidelines," pointed out: "teachers should put the protecting children's life and promoting health in young children in the first place", so that teachers in organized outdoor sports activities, how to reducing hidden insecurity factors in the movement? Want to attract attention from what aspects? Through the observation of the sports activities organized by the teachers and their teaching experience for many years, I think we should consider the following several aspects:

　　一、活动内容。

　　One, the activity content.

　　《纲要》中指出:"体育活动要尊重幼儿身体生长发育的规律和年龄特征,不进行不适合幼儿的体育活动项目训练"。 教师选择活动教材时,应根据幼儿年龄特点,估计幼儿活动能力,因地制宜,合理地设计活动内容。比如像小班的孩子,在跑、跳及运动器械的运用等方面还缺乏一定的能力,在设计活动的时候应该多考虑慢走、爬、钻等适合小班幼儿年龄特点的活动内容,主要以游戏的形式来完成,以免运动量过大或超负荷等给孩子带来的运动损伤及心理负担。

　　The outline points out: "physical activity to respect law and age characteristics of children's physical growth and development, is not is not suitable for young children's sports activities project training". Choice activity teaching material, teachers should according to children's age characteristic, estimate children's activity, adjust measures to local conditions, reasonable design activities. Like a small child, in the aspects such as running, jumping and the use of the sports equipment is also a lack of certain ability, at the time of design activities should consider more walking, climbing, drilling and other activities for small children age characteristics, mainly in the form of game to complete, so as not to overdo it or overload, sports injury and psychological burden for children.

　　二、活动场地、体育器材。

　　Two, activity venues, sports equipment.

　　在每一个体育活动前,老师都要根据活动内容,选择活动器材、布置活动场地。选择活动器材、布置活动场地最关键的一个环节就是要检查场地和器材的安全性,如果场地不平整或过于狭窄都会给孩子的活动带来不便和危险,而在活动之前要检查器材是否有损坏、矿车边缘轮廓是否锋利等,投掷方面的活动要合理安排好投掷方向、距离及组织好孩子的活动秩序,以免投掷物给孩子带来不必要的伤害。

　　Before every sports activities, the teacher should be according to the content, equipment, decorate venues to choose activities. Equipment selection activities, decorate venues to one of the key link is to check the venue and equipment security, if the ground not level off or too narrow can inconvenience and danger to the child's activities, and before the activity to check whether equipment whether there is damage, edge contour sharp, such as throwing the activity to reasonable arrangement good throwing direction, distance and organize activities of children's order, so as to avoid throwing things to the child cause unnecessary damage.

　　三、着装。

　　Third, dress.

　　幼儿着装也是体育活动中一个很关键而教师最容忽视的问题。在每一个体育活动前,教师都应该检查孩子的着装情况,如鞋带系好没有,有没有鞋子穿反的现象,衣服是否穿得过厚过紧,钮扣是否扣上等,别看这都是些很小的问题,却会给孩子的安全带来很大的威胁,如奔跑的中的孩子一旦踩着散开的鞋带就可能摔倒;衣服过厚会使孩子在运动中感到笨重、玻纤土工格栅不灵活,活动过后因出汗太多而导致感冒;衣服太紧会放不开活动乃至拉伤肌肉等。因此,在体育活动前,教师要不怕麻烦,认真的检查孩子的着装情况,而且不仅是孩子着装要便于运动,老师也要带好头,穿便于运动的服装,这样,在示范时才能正确的展示动作要领,或免去高跟鞋给孩子带来的危险。

　　Children's clothing is also sports a very key and the teacher most ignored the problem. Before every sports activities, the teacher should check the child's dress, such as shoelaces good have no, do you have any shoes against the phenomenon, whether the clothes wear too thick too close, button button is fine, although these are small problems, but will give children bring great threat to the security, such as running once deployed on the shoes, the children may fall; Too thick clothes can make children feel heavy and not flexible in movement, after the activity caused by sweating too much cold; Clothes are too tight will put don't open activities and even pull a muscle. In front of the sports activities, therefore, teachers should not afraid of trouble, carefully check the child's dress, dress to facilitate movement and not just children, the teacher also should take good start, to facilitate movement to wear, so, in the demonstration to the right shows the behavioral essentials, or revoke high-heeled shoes for their children.

　　四、安全意识、安全技能。

　　Fourth, safety consciousness, safety skills.

　　具备安全意识也是幼儿运动中安全问题的主体。教师具备安全意识,就能预见和估计活动的安全性而做好活动前的安全检查工作。幼儿体育活动中,虽然没人愿意安全事故的发生,但毕竟幼儿是活动体,意外有时就发生在不经意中,教师要具备拉伤、扭伤、跌伤、碰伤等小损伤的简单处理技能及应对措施。此外,教师还要注重培养幼儿在运动中的安全意识,如不要随意的推攘同伴、摔倒时手先撑地、不要乱扔投掷物、跳跃或快速奔跑时不要说笑或伸舌头、有损伤要及时告诉老师、运动过热不要急着饮水等等。泰山奇石教师要不厌其烦的随时提醒幼儿运动时安全的重要性,制止不安全行为的发生,培养幼儿安全运动的良好习惯。

　　Have the body of the safety awareness and safety problems in the children's sports. Teachers have safety consciousness, can foresee and estimation activities of security and the security check before activities. Children's sports activities, although no one is willing to safety accidents, but, after all, children are active body accident sometimes occurs in casual in, the teacher must have a strain, sprains, falls, and the simple processing of small injuries such as skills and bruised. In addition, teachers need to pay attention to cultivate children's safety consciousness in sports, such as don't push above companion, hand to hold when I fell down, don't throw missiles, jumping, or running faster don't laughing or stick out their tongue when, have damage to tell the teacher in time, motor overheating don't be so quick to drinking water and so on. The teacher wants to repeatedly remind children of the importance of sports safety, to stop the occurrence of unsafe behavior, cultivate good habits children safety campaign.

　　《幼儿园教育指导纲要》要求幼儿园要对幼儿实施体、智、德、美诸方面全面发展的教育,把"体"放在首位,体现了幼儿园教育中"健康"的主要性。为贯彻落实《纲要》精神,我园将幼儿运动课程作为园本教研及办园特色长期开展,因此,在体育运动中保护幼儿的安全、培养幼儿的安全意识,链条是我园每个教师应备的基本常识,只要幼儿运动的组织者提高了安全意识,就能排减运动给参与者带来的安全隐患,这样才符合《纲要》要求,才能更好的促进幼儿身心健康和谐发展

　　"Kindergarten education guidelines" requirements to kindergarten for children's body, intelligence and morality, beauty comprehensive development from the aspects of education, the "body" in the first place, embodies the kindergarten education in the major of "health". To implement the spirit of the outline, I park the children sports as garden this research and the course characteristics of kindergarten carried out for a long time, so, in sports activities to protect the safety of children, train children's safety consciousness, is my garden, every teacher should prepare the basic common sense, as long as the children's movement, raise the safety consciousness, the organizer of can are reducing movement for participants to bring security hidden danger, to match the outline requirements, in order to better promote the harmonious development of children's physical and mental health